Michael Cook: Kompromi Polemik Penulisan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis

Nur Hamidah Pulungan

doi:10.56874/alkauniyah.v5i1.1776

Nur Hamidah Pulungan STAIN Mandailing Natal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56874/alkauniyah.v5i1.1776

Keywords: M. Cook, Al-Qur’an, Hadis

Abstract

This qualitative research using a literature review method examines the profile of an orientalist named Michael Cook as a developer of Western revisionist methods with the creation of his own method which is famously known as The Spread of Isnad. The initial Orientalist mission focused on the spread of missionary liberalism under colonialism with intellectual academic methods such as philology, manuscripts and language studies when studying the Koran and Hadith. The results of Orientalist studies are of course that the majority are skeptical and even weaken Islamic teachings. Most Orientalists claim that Muhammad was an adopter of at least two previous teachings, namely Judaism and Christianity, so there are many similarities in the two products. Polemics of differences between fellow orientalists also cannot be avoided. In reality, not all orientalists agree that the Koran and Hadith are fake products that support Islamic teachings. M. Cook comes with the character of neo-skepticism, namely an attempt to doubt the Prophet's hadith through attempts to develop the theoretical ideas of predecessors such as Schacht.

References

Agustono, Ihwan. “Potret Perkembangan Metodologi Kelompok Orientalis Dalam Studi Al-Qur’an.” Studia Quranika 4, no. 2 (2020): 159–80. https://doi.org/10.21111/studiquran.v4i2.3819.
Alkawy, Mohamda Baihaqi. “Studi Kenabian Muhammad Perspektif Michael Cook.” Refleksi, Jurnal Kajian Agama Dan Filsafat 19, no. 1 (2020): 93–116.
Anwar, Latifah. “Hadis Dan Sunnah Nabi Dalam Perspektif Joseph Schacht.” Al-Bayan: Jurnal Ilmu Al Qur’an Dan Hadist 3, no. 2 (2020): 174–94.
Arif, Syamsuddin. BUKU ORIENTALIS DAN DIABOLISME PEMIKIRAN. Edited by Nuim Hidayat. I. Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2008.
Aziz, Muhammad Ilham. “KAJIAN TERHADAP HISTORIOGRAFI ORIENTALIS ( STUDI ATAS KARYA WILLIAM MONTGOMERY WATT MUHAMMAD PROPHET AND STATESMAN ).” Tarikhuna 3, no. 2 (2021): 150–63.
Azmi, Ahmad Sanusi. “Dakwaan Orientalis Terhadap Pengaruh Kristian Dalam Al-Quran: Satu Penelitian.” Jurnal Darul Quran, 2012.
Fadal, Kurdi. “PANDANGAN ORIENTALIS TERHADAP AL-QUR’AN (‘Teori Pengaruh’ Al-Qur’an Theodor Noldeke).” RELIGIA 14, no. 2 (2011): 189–206.
Farida, Umma. “POLEMIK PENULISAN HADIS: Perspektif Michael A. Cook Dalam The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam.” RIWAYAH 1, no. 1 (2015): 19–38.
Idri. “Perspektif Orientalis Tentang Hadis Nabi: Telaah Kritis Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Eksistensi Dan Kehujjahannya.” Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 11, no. 1 (2011): 201.
Iskandar, Amin. “Analisis Dan Kritik Pada Pandangan Joseph Schacht Terhadap Hadis Dan Hukum Islam.” Studi Hadis Nusantara 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–13.
Kaelan. Metode Penelitian Agama Kualitatif Interdisipliner. Yogyakarta: Paradigma, 2010.
Karim, Abdul. “PEMIKIRAN ORIENTALIS TERHADAP KAJIAN TAFSIR HADIS.” ADDIN 7, no. 2 (2013): 307–34.
Masrur, Ali. “Neo-Skeptisisme Michael Cook Dan Norman Calder Terhadap Hadis Nabi Muhammad.” Theologia 28, no. 1 (2017): 1–28.
Muzayyin, M. “AL-QUR’AN MENURUT PANDANGAN ORIENTALIS (Studi Analisis ‘Teori Pengaruh’ Dalam Pemikiran Orientalis).” Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis 16, no. 2 (2017): 203. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.2015.1602-04.
Nasir, Siti Magfirah. “Sejarah Perkembangan Orientalisme.” Al-Mutsla 3, no. 2 (2021): 96–106. https://doi.org/10.21154/al-tahrir.v11i1.32.1.
Pahrudin, Ade. “Pemikiran Joseph Schacht Dalam Studi Hadis Kontemporer Di Indonesia,” 2021.
Rahim, Abd. “Sejarah Perkembangan Orientalisme.” Hunafa 7, no. 2 (2010): 179–92.
Ramdhani, Imam Sahal. “Teori The Spread of Isnad (Telaah Atas Pemikiran Michael Allan Cook).” Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis 16, no. 2 (2015): 223–42.
Sadari. “Objektivitas Dan Validitas Orientalisme Sebagai Peletak Sumber Kajian Islam Di Barat.” Misykat 01, no. 01 (2016): 125–46.
Saefulloh, Ahmad, Adlan Maghfur, and Umi Sumbulah. “Teori Dekonstruksi Hadis Josep Schacht Dan Bantahan Musthafa Azami.” Analisis Jurnal Studi Keislaman 21, no. 2 (2021): 365–86.
Saifullah. “Orientalisme Dan Implikasi Kepada Dunia Islam.” Orientalism and Implication Toward Islamic World 10, no. 10 (2020): 166–89.
Subakir, Ahmad. “Kritik Atas Orientalisme Dan Kecurigaan Atas Kajian Keislaman Di Dunia Barat.” Religio: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama 4, no. 2 (2014): 146–72.
Supian, Aan. “Studi Hadis Di Kalangan Orientalisme.” Nuansa 9, no. 1 (2016): 25–34.
Susmihara. “Sejarah Perkembangan Orientalis.” Rihlah V, no. 1 (2017): 41–53.
Syukur, Syamzan. “Perang Salib Dalam Bingkai Sejarah.” Jurnal Al-Ulum 11 (2011): 189–204.
Tahir, Achmad. “Orientalis , Kolonial , Dan Evangelis (Studi Pandangan Outsider Dan Respon Insider).” In Right Jurnal Agama Dan Hak Azazi Manusia 1, no. 1 (2011): 259–77.
Ulfahadi, Rizki, and Reynaldi Adi Surya. “Pandangan Orientalis Terhadap Sejarah Islam Awal.” Ushuluna: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin 1, no. 2 (2020): 184–201. https://doi.org/10.15408/ushuluna.v1i2.15297.
Yusuf, Muhammad. “Implikasi Konflik Historis Islam-Kristen Barat Terhadap Munculnya Stigmatisasi Permusuhan.” Ulul Albab 9, no. 2 (2008): 157–73.
Zarkasyi, Hamid Fahmy. “Liberalisasi Pemikiran Islam.” TSAQAFAH 5, no. 1 (n.d.): 1–28.
———. “Tradisi Orientalisme Dan Framework Studi Al-Qur’an.” TSAQAFAH 7, no. 1 (2011): 1–30.