Dampak Komunikasi Digital Terhadap Implementasi Prinsip Gharar Dalam Transaksi Online
Keywords:
Komunikasi, Transaksi Online, Regulasi, Gharar
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak komunikasi digital terhadap implementasi prinsip larangan gharar dalam transaksi online melalui pendekatan hukum ekonomi syariah. Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi digital telah mengubah cara masyarakat bertransaksi, namun juga menciptakan tantangan serius terkait penerapan prinsip keadilan dan transparansi yang menjadi fondasi utama sistem ekonomi Islam. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa karakteristik komunikasi digital seperti anonimitas, ketidakjelasan informasi, dan kecepatan transaksi sering kali menjadi penyebab munculnya praktik gharar, seperti deskripsi produk yang tidak akurat, ulasan palsu, atau manipulasi harga melalui algoritma. Melalui analisis normatif berbasis fiqih muamalah dan maqashid al-syari’ah, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik gharar dalam transaksi online bertentangan dengan tujuan syariah, seperti menjaga harta (hifz al-mal) dan membangun kepercayaan (amanah). Fatwa-fatwa syariah terkait e-commerce juga dianalisis, namun hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara teori dan praktik. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, penelitian ini merekomendasikan solusi berbasis nilai-nilai Islam, seperti penggunaan teknologi blockchain untuk memverifikasi informasi produk, edukasi konsumen tentang risiko gharar, serta regulasi yang lebih ketat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan bagi pengembangan sistem transaksi online yang sesuai dengan prinsip hukum ekonomi syariah, sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat bagi semua pihak yang terlibat dalam ekosistem digital.
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Atik Devi Kusuma, Lidya Zanti, Wan Elnayla Azzahra, Windi Alya Ramadhani, and Wismanto Wismanto. “Gharar Dalam Transaksi Ekonomi: Analisis Hukum Islam Dan Implikasinya.” Jurnal Kajian Dan Penelitian Umum 2, no. 6 SE-Articles (December 2024): 140–52. https://doi.org/10.47861/jkpu-nalanda.v2i6.1413.
Azizah, Mabarroh. “Etika Perilaku Periklanan Dalam Bisnis Islam.” JESI (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia) 3, no. 1 (2016): 37. https://doi.org/10.21927/jesi.2013.3(1).37-48.
Chang, S.-H., W.-H. Chih, D.-K. Liou, and Y.-T. Yang. “The Mediation of Cognitive Attitude for Online Shopping.” Information Technology and People 29, no. 3 (2016): 618–46. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-08-2014-0172.
Czaplewski, M. “Information Asymmetry in E-Commerce.” Ekonomista 2016-January, no. 5 (2016): 727–51.
Ghadge, N P. “Comparative Study of Legal Aspects of E-Commerce with Developing Countries.” In 2015 International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development, INDIACom 2015, 291–96, 2015.
Gopakumar, A, A Shine, A Ajim, and T Anjali. “Consumer Behaviour Analysis for Customer Segmentation and Purchase Prediction.” In 10th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, ICACCS 2024, 1127–31, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACCS60874.2024.10717226.
Gunariah, Frilla, Sofian Al Hakim, Dedah Jubaedah, Triana Apriani, and Nurul Fadhlya Hidayatunnisa. “Perbandingan Fikih Tentang Gharar.” Rayah Al-Islam 8, no. 1 (2024): 161–74. https://doi.org/10.37274/rais.v8i1.922.
Imam Mustofa. “TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK (E-COMMERCE) DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIKIH.” Jurnal Hukum Islam 10, no. 2 SE-Article (December 2012): 157–80. https://doi.org/10.28918/jhi.v10i2.563.
Javaid, M, A Haleem, R P Singh, and A K Sinha. “Digital Economy to Improve the Culture of Industry 4.0: A Study on Features, Implementation and Challenges.” Green Technologies and Sustainability 2, no. 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.grets.2024.100083.
Kamran, Muhammad, and Maskun Maskun. “Penipuan Dalam Jual Beli Online: Perspektif Hukum Telematika.” Balobe Law Journal; Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Volume 1 Nomor 1, April 2021DO - 10.47268/Balobe.V1i1.501 , March 2021.
Karo, R K, and A Sebastian. “Juridical Analysis on the Criminal Act of Online Shop Fraud in Indonesia.” Lentera Hukum 6, no. 1 (2019): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v6i1.9567.
Kautsar, Adam Al, Toddy Aditya, and Dini Aulia Rizky. “Penerapan Sistem Transaksi Non Tunai Dalam Pelaksanaan Belanja Langsung Di Dinas Sosial Kota Tangerang.” Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan 9, no. 1 (2021): 115–24. https://doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v9i1.29294.Copyright.
Kharisma, Dian, Wesly Tumbur M L Tobing, Eni Susanti, and Ronaldo Aprili. “Evaluasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Konsumen Dalam Transaksi Digital Di Indonesia: Studi Kebijakan Dan Analisis SWOT.” Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik 2, no. 4 SE-Articles (January 2025): 565–78. https://doi.org/10.51903/perkara.v2i4.2228.
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Kusuma, Vincentius A M, Zainal A Sahabuddin, and Posma S J K Hutasoit. “STRATEGI DIGITAL MARKETING PADA USAHA MIKRO DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 MELALUI PENDEKATAN PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI RAKYAT.” JURNAL CAFETARIA 3, no. 1 SE-JURNAL CAFETARIA JANUARY 2022 (January 2022). https://doi.org/10.51742/akuntansi.v3i1.492.
Lisdayanti, Annisa. “Peran Teknologi Blockchain Dalam Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Konsumen Dan Keamanan Data Privasi Pada Platform E-Commerce Di Indonesia” 5, no. 2 (2024): 347–61.
Lokanan, M E, and V Maddhesia. “Supply Chain Fraud Prediction with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence.” International Journal of Production Research 63, no. 1 (2025): 286–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2024.2361434.
Mi, C, Y Wang, and L Xiao. “Prediction on Transaction Amounts of China’s CBEC with Improved GM (1, 1) Models Based on the Principle of New Information Priority.” Electronic Commerce Research 21, no. 1 (2021): 125–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-020-09434-z.
Mohamad, A, A Mohd Rizal, H Khalid, and T H Char Fei. “The Role of Trust in the Digital Interactive Model for SME Speed Internationalisation.” In International Conference on Research and Innovation in Information Systems, ICRIIS, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRIIS53035.2021.9617095.
Mohd Noh, M S, S H Nor Azelan, and M I S Zulkepli. “A Review on Gharar Dimension in Modern Islamic Finance Transactions.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-01-2023-0006.
Muchtar, Evan Hamzah. “Muamalah Terlarang: Maysir Dan Gharar.” Jurnal Asy-Syukriyyah 18, no. 1 SE-Articles (October 2017): 82–100. https://doi.org/10.36769/asy.v18i1.73.
Mutiaradita, N A, M D Kusrini, and A Mardiastuti. “Herpetofauna Trade via E-Commerce in Indonesia.” In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Vol. 1220, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1220/1/012006.
Nehad, A, and A Khanfar. “A Critical Analysis of the Concept of Gharar in Islamic Financial Contracts: Different Perspective.” Journal of Economic Cooperation and Development 37, no. 1 (2016): 1–23.
Nilam Sari, Devi. “KEDUDUKAN OBJEK AKAD SEBAGAI AKIBAT HUKUM PERJANJIAN (KAJIAN REFLEKTIF DALAM FIKIH MUAMALAH).” Islamic Banking & Economic Law Studies (I-BEST) 3, no. 2 SE-Articles (December 2024): 86–106. https://doi.org/10.36769/ibest.v3i2.650.
Nur, Efa Rodiah. “Riba Dan Gharar: Suatu Tinjauan Hukum Dan Etika Dalam Transaksi Bisnis Modern.” Al-´Adalah 12, no. 3 (2015): 647–62.
Palanissamy, A, and R Kesavamoorthy. “Digitalization of Transactions and Consumer Protection in Wrap Contracting.” International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 6 (2019): 3993–96. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.F9282.088619.
Pebiyanti, Elsa, Achmad Fauzi, Tsamara Husniyyah, Sarah Intan Tasia, Zhakila Sutendi, and Anisa Elsa Vitri. “Pengaruh Kualitas Informasi, Persepsi Keamanan, Dan Persepsi Privasi Terhadap Kepercayaan Pengguna Belanja Online (Literature Review).” Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Sistem Informasi 4, no. 5 SE-Articles (May 2023): 850–58. https://doi.org/10.31933/jemsi.v4i5.1548.
Rahayu, Nina, Ignatius Agus Supriyono, Eki Mulyawan, Farhan Nurfadhillah, Dasba Rio Yulianto, and Ahmad Zulikur Ramadhan. “Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia Dengan Tantangan Transformasi Digital.” ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal 4, no. 1 SE- (December 2022): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.34306/abdi.v4i1.823.
Rambe, R F A, S I Bayu, and S Sagala. “Penerapan UU ITE (Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik) Dan UU Perlindungan Konsumen Pada Kasus Jual Beli Jasa Review Palsu.” Journal on Education 06, no. 01 (2023): 10030–40.
Ren, Z, X He, D Yin, and M de Rijke. “Information Discovery in E-Commerce.” Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval 18, no. 4–5 (2024): 417–690. https://doi.org/10.1561/1500000097.
Retno Wahyu Ningsih, Robi’ah Al Adawiyah, and Andhita Risko Faristiana. “Perkembangan Teknologi Sebagai Modus Scamming Di Laman Jual Beli Online.” Jurnal Kajian Dan Penelitian Umum 1, no. 3 SE-Articles (June 2023): 117–31. https://doi.org/10.47861/jkpu-nalanda.v1i3.232.
Sahrullah, S, A Abubakar, and ... “Analisis Penerapan Prinsip Akuntansi Berdasarkan Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 282.” SEIKO: Journal of … 5, no. c (2022): 325–36.
Sazali, Hasan, and Fakhrur Rozi. “Belanja Online Dan Jebakan Budaya Hidup Digital Pada Masyarakat Milenial.” JURNAL SIMBOLIKA Research and Learning in Communication Study 6, no. 2 SE-Articles (October 2020): 85–95. https://doi.org/10.31289/simbollika.v6i2.3556.
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