Construction of Gharar Discourse in Islamic Economic Studies: A Systematic Literature Review in The Indonesian Archipelago
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56874/gxfy4185Keywords:
Islamic Economics, Hadith Perspective, GhararAbstract
The rapid development of economic transactions in the digital era raises new challenges in maintaining the basic principles of Islamic economics, especially regarding the concept of gharar (uncertainty or ambiguity) which is expressly prohibited in muamalah because it has the potential to cause injustice and loss. Gharar is now present in various forms of contemporary transactions such as fintech and capital markets, which require more in-depth and contextual academic study. This article aims to systematically examine the development of research regarding the construction of the concept of gharar in Islamic economic transactions, identify thematic patterns, and examine academic contributions resulting from scientific publications for the period 2018 to 2025 in the archipelago. This research uses a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to 20 relevant scientific articles found through Google Scholar searches. The research results show a significant spike in academic interest, especially in 2024 and 2025, which indicates the urgency of the issue of gharar in responding to the dynamics of financial technology. The dominant discourse uses an Islamic Law and Religion approach (95%), which focuses on the normative basis for the prohibition of gharar from Hadith, the distinction between gharar yasir and gharar fahish, as well as its application in modern practices such as e-wallet, short selling, and margin trading. The conclusion emphasizes that gharar is a crucial analytical tool to ensure certainty and transparency, so that fairer and more sustainable Islamic economic practices are realized in the digital era, supported by strengthening regulations and mitigating risks through technology such as blockchain.
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