AKAD HUTANG PIUTANG PETANI PADI DENGAN PEMILIK PABRIK PENGGILING PADA MASYARAKAT PANYABUNGAN TONGA DITINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM

• Dedisyah Putra

  STAIN Mandailing Natal

Abstract

The debt-receivable agreement which was originally just a muamalah relationship as usually social creatures and not accompanied by a specific intention or purpose turned out to be a business arena for people who have money to get abundant rice to be stored and when the price has gone up and the harvest season finished, the new rice is sold at a higher price. The study will discuss the implementation of debt-receivable contracts in Panyabungan Tonga Village, Panyabungan District, Mandailing Natal Regency to clearly know the legal perspective of Islamic law. This research is qualitative with the type of field research. The results of the study illustrate that in the loan agreement the farmer borrows money from the factory owner to work on the fields, the money will be paid with quintals of rice in the harvest season equivalent to 600 thousand cash which is determined by the price by the factory owner. Then if the farmer cannot repay the debt at maturity (harvest), then the farmer must return the debt with an additional 20% at the next harvest, but if the next harvest the farmer still cannot repay the debt, the farmer must add another 20% of the loan principal. so the number is 40%, and so on and of course this practice is not in accordance with Islamic law.

Keywords: Rice Farmers, Accounts Receivable, Milling Factory

Abstrak

Perjanjian hutang-piutang yang semula hanya sekedar mengadakan hubungan muamalah sebagaimana lazimnya makhluk sosial dan tidak disertai dengan niat atau maksud tertentu ternyata berubah menjadi ajang bisnis bagi orang-orang yang memiliki uang guna mendapatkan padi yang melimpah untuk disimpan dan apabila harganya sudah naik dan musim panen telah usai, padi tersebut baru dijual dengan harga yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian akan membahas pelaksanaan akad hutang-piutang di Desa Panyabungan Tonga Kecamatan Panyabungan Kabupaten Mandailing Natal untuk diketahui secara jelas hukumnya perspektif  hukum Islam. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian menggambarkan bahwa dalam perjanjian hutang-piutang petani meminjam uang kepada pemilik pabrik untuk menggarap sawah, uang tersebut akan dibayar dengan padi kwintal pada musim panen setara dengan uang 600 ribu yang ditentukan harganya oleh pemilik pabrik. Kemudian apabila petani tidak bisa mengembalikan hutangnya pada saat jatuh tempo (panen), maka petani harus mengembalikan hutangnya dengan tambahan 20% pada panen berikutnya, namun apabila panen berikutnya petani masih belum bisa mengembalikan hutangnya, maka petani harus menambah 20% lagi dari pokok pinjaman, jadi jumlahnya 40%, begitu seterusnya dan tentu praktik seperti ini belum sesuai dengan hukum Islam.

Kata Kuci: Petani Padi, Hutang-piutang, pabrik penggilingan

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