The right to one’s image in digital stickers: A comparative analysis of Indonesian and Islamic criminal law
Keywords:
right to one's image, digital sticker, personal data protection, Islamic criminal law, legal protectionAbstract
The increasing use of individuals’ photographs as digital stickers has created new legal challenges, particularly when images are used without the consent of the persons depicted. This study examines the protection of the right to one’s image in the use of photographs as digital stickers under Indonesian positive law and Islamic criminal law and proposes a more comprehensive framework for legal protection. Employing normative legal research, the study applies statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that Indonesian law protects aspects of image-related interests through fragmented regulations on personal data protection, electronic information and transactions, and protection of honor, but does not expressly recognize the right to one’s image as an autonomous personality right. Islamic criminal law provides a complementary normative basis through the protection of human honor (hifz al-‘ird), the prohibition of harm (la darar wa la dirar), and ta‘zir as a discretionary mechanism for addressing harmful conduct. Based on these findings, the study proposes a legal protection framework centered on three elements: consent, control over the use of one’s image, and effective remedies. This framework positions the right to one’s image beyond the limited scope of personal data protection and defamation and strengthens the protection of individual dignity in the digital environment.
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